Słowa kluczowe
zespół Aspergera
niepełnosprawność
choroba psychiczna
eugenika
autism
Asperger syndrome
disability
mental illness
eugenics
Jak cytować
Abstrakt
10.24917/20837275.10.1.8
Tekst jest próbą spojrzenia na historię dyskursu o autyzmie z perspektywy studiów o niepełnosprawności. Ze względu na nieostrą definicję i wciąż niepoznane przyczyny autyzm stanowił przestrzeń kulturowych projekcji na temat niepełnosprawności i choroby psychicznej. Jak argumentuję, zarówno determinacja współczesnej nauki, jak i jej porażka w obiektywizacji autyzmu za pomocą metod nauk empirycznych ma związek z odcieleśnioną naturą autyzmu, która wciąż ujawnia swoją arbitralność i społeczną, a nie biologiczną, konstrukcję. Jednocześnie dopiero w XXI wieku do głosu doszły same osoby autystyczne, które próbują uczynić z autyzmu pozytywny i integralny element swojej tożsamości.
Autism disembodied. The history of social construction of autism as illness, disorder, and disability
The article is an attempt to look at the history of discourse about autism from the perspective of autism studies. Due to the blurred definition and yet unknown etiology autism was used as a space for modern cultural projections about disability and mental illness. As I argue, both the determination of modern scientific institutions and their failure to objectify autism using empirical methods are linked to the disembodied nature of autism, which still reveals it arbitrariness and social - not natural - construction. As late as in 21th century, autistic people have joined the discourse about themselves, trying to make autism a positive and integral aspect of their identity.
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