Keywords
nekromarketing
telewizja
terror
ochrona
śmierć
media
rating TV Necromarketing
Television
Terror
Death
Media
Rating TV
telewizja
terror
ochrona
śmierć
media
rating TV Necromarketing
Television
Terror
Death
Media
Rating TV
How to Cite
Amiee J., & Łukasz P. (2020). Necromarketing as Advertising Strategy in American Television. Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia De Cultura, 12(2), 18–34. https://doi.org/10.24917/20837275.12.2.2
Abstract
Thanks to the analysis of 1012 American TV commercials, we determined the form, contents and functioning of necromarketing in American TV advertising. Our conclusions demonstrate that implicit necromarketing is a more frequently used strategy than explicit necromarketing. In particular, insurance and entertainment sectors, before programmes or news, more often resort to necromarketing on TV in prime-time than other branches during the day.
References
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Zawiła Małgorzata. 2006. Śmierć na szklanym ekranie. Obraz śmierci i umierania w polskiej telewizji na przełomie XX i XXI wieku. W: Środki masowego komunikowania a społeczeństwo. Marian Gierula, Mirosława Wielopolska-Szymura (red.). Katowice. 303-310.
Barry Anne-Marie, Yuill Chris. 2012. Understanding the Sociology of Health. An Introduction. London.
Becker Ernest. 1973. The Denial of Death. New York.
Begley Sharon. 2007. “The Roots of Fear”. Newsweek December 15. www.newsweek. com/roots-fear-94379. (accessed: 1.12.2019).
Cooper Douglas P., Goldenberg Jamie L., Arndt Jamie. 2014. “Perceived Efficacy, Conscious Fear of Death and Intentions to Tan: Not All Fear Appeals Are Created Equal”. British Journal of Health Psychology Vol. 19, No. 1. 1-15.
Dar-Nimrod Ilan. 2012. “Viewing Death on Television Increases the Appeal of Advertised Products”. Journal of Social Psychology Vol. 152, No. 2. 199-211.
Das Enny, Duiven Rolien, Arendsen Jolien, Vermeulen Ivar E. 2014. “Exploring Killer Ads: A Terror Management Account of Death in Advertisements”. Psychology and Marketing Vol. 31, No. 10. 828-842.
Denzin Norman K. 1984. On Understanding Emotion. San Francisco.
Dunn Lea, Hoegg JoAndrea. 2014. “The Impact of Fear on Emotional Brand Attachment”. Journal of Consumer Research Vol. 41, No. 1. 152-168.
Florian Victor, Mikulincer Mario. 1993. “The Impact of Death-Risk Experiences and Religiosity on the Fear of Personal Death: The Case of Israeli Soldiers in Lebanon”. OMEGA—Journal of Death and Dying Vol. 26, No. 2. 101-111.
Gerbner George. 1980. “The Mainstreaming of America: Violence Profile No. 11”. Journal of Communication Vol. 30, No. 3. 10-29.
Gore Prasanna, Madhavan Suresh, Curry David, McClurg Gordon. 1998. “Persuasive Messages”. Marketing Health Services Vol. 18, No. 4. 32-43.
Greenberg Jeff, Koole Sander L., Pyszczynski Tom, Solomon Sheldon. 2004. Handbook of Experimental Existential Psychology, New York.
Hoelter Jon W., Hoelter Janice A. 1978. “The Relationship between Fear of Death and Anxiety”. Journal of Psychology Vol. 99, Iss. 2. 225-226.
Macnamara Jim. 2006. “Media Content Analysis: Its Uses, Benefit and Best Practice Methodology”. Asia Pacific Public Relations Journal Vol. 6, No. 1. 1-34. http://amecorg.com/wp-content/ uploads/2011/10/Media-Content-Analysis-Paper.pdf. (accessed: 10.10.2019).
Mago Zdenko. 2016. “Violence and Digital Games Facts beyond Myths”. European Journal of Science and Theology October 2016, Vol. 12, No. 5. 135-144.
Maren Stephen. 2008. “Pavlovian Fear Conditioning as a Behavioral Assay for Hippocampus and Amygdala Function: Cautions and Caveats”. European Journal of Neuroscience Vol. 28, Iss. 8. 1661-1666.
McKenna Regis. 1990. “Marketing Is Everything”. Harvard Business Review Vol. 69, No. 1. 65-79. https://hbr.org/1991/01/marketing-is-everything. (accessed: 15.10.2015).
Moore Calvin Conzelus, Williamson John B. 2003. The Universal Fear of Death and the Cultural Response. In: Handbook of Death and Dying. Clifton D. Bryant (ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA. 3-14.
Olchowska-Kotala Agnieszka. 2006. Śmierć w telewizji - analiza sposobu umierania. W: Problemy współczesnej tanatologii. Jacek Kolbuszewski (red.). Wrocław. 193-196.
Rogers Robert William. 1983. Cognitive and Physiological Processes in Fear Appeals and Attitude Change: A Revised Theory of Protection Motivation. In: Social Psychophysiology. John T. Cacioppo, Richard E. Petty (eds.). New York. 153-176.
Ruiter Robert A. C., Abraham Charles, Kok Gerjo. 2001. “Scary Warnings and Rational Precautions: A Review of the Psychology of Fear Appeals”. Psychology and Health Vol. 16, No 6. 613-630. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247533036_Scary_Warnings_ and_Rational_Precautions_A_Review_of_the_Psychology_of_Fear_Appeals. (accessed: 30.10. 2019).
Schultz Richard. 1979. Death Anxiety: Intuitive and Empirical Perspectives. In: Death and Dying: Theory, Research, and Applications. Lawrence Bugen (ed.). Dubuque, IA. 66-87.
Shelton Amiee. 2007. Frequency of Violence in Prime Time Dramas. An Issue of Gender, Presented at the Eastern Communication Association Convention, Providence, R.I., April. 25-29.
Solewski Rafał. 2013. “Śmierć, brak i tożsamość”. Konteksty Vol. 48, No. 3. 69-71.
Teixeira Thales S. 2014. The Rising Cost of Consumer Attention: Why You Should Care, and What You Can Do about It. Working Paper 14-055 January 17. ttp://www.hbs.edu/faculty/ Publication%20Files/14-055_2ef21e7e-7529-4864-b0f0-c64e4169e17f.pdf. (accessed: 20.10. 2015).
Urien Bertrand, Kilbourne William E. 2008. “On the Role of Materialism in the Relationship between Death Anxiety and Quality of Life”. Advances in Consumer Research. Association for Consumer Research Vol. 35. 409-415.
Walter Tony, Littlewood Jane, Pickering Michael. 1995. “Death in the News: Public Invigilation of Private Emotions”. Sociology Vol. 29, No. 4. 579-596.
Witte Kim, Allen Mike. 2000. “A Meta-Analysis of Fear Appeals: Implications for Effective Public Health Campaigns”. Health Education and Behavior Vol. 27, No. 5. 591-615.
Wojciechowski Łukasz P. 2010. Nekromarketing - niektoré aspekty jeho vymedzenia. In: (KO)MÉDIÁ: sborník konferenčních příspěvků ze 4. ročníku mezinárodní konference, Zlín 21-22.10.2009. UTB, Zlín.
Wojciechowski Łukasz P., Shelton Amiee. 2014. “Necromarketing in Advertising”. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Katowicach. Marketing Communications - Selected Issues 205. Andrzej Bajdak (ed.). Katowice. 91-96.
Zawiła Małgorzata. 2006. Śmierć na szklanym ekranie. Obraz śmierci i umierania w polskiej telewizji na przełomie XX i XXI wieku. W: Środki masowego komunikowania a społeczeństwo. Marian Gierula, Mirosława Wielopolska-Szymura (red.). Katowice. 303-310.
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